Determinant Analysis of Fast-Food Franchise Distribution in Bali Province
Keywords:
Agglomeration, Bali, Fast Food Franchise, Retail Infrastructure, Spatial DistributionAbstract
This study investigated the factors influencing the spatial distribution of fast-food franchises across nine regencies and cities in Bali Province. The research problem was rooted in extreme spatial inequality, where franchise outlets were heavily concentrated in urban and tourism centers while access in marginal areas remained limited. Understanding these distribution determinants was essential to ensure that culinary investments contribute to balanced regional economic growth. The research employed a quantitative causal-associative design using multiple linear regression analysis to test the influence of average food consumption per capita, the number of local restaurants, and the availability of shopping centers on franchise distribution using 2024 cross-sectional data. Secondary data were obtained from official government statistics and systematic digital observations. The findings revealed that the availability of shopping centers was the sole significant predictor for franchise locations, explaining a major portion of the distribution variance. Conversely, local consumption levels and the density of existing restaurants did not significantly affect franchise distribution. It was concluded that franchise expansion in Bali was primarily driven by an agglomeration strategy around formal retail infrastructure to capture tourist traffic rather than following domestic purchasing power. These results suggest that developing modern commercial infrastructure is a primary prerequisite for attracting global retail investment to promote regional economic equity.
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Copyright (c) 2026 Zaskia Jihan (Author)
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